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Total ROI divides the result after additional costs by initial capital. Dated cash flows calculate XIRR Actual/365; multiple sign changes do not pretend to yield a unique rate.

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net gain = ending value + cash income − extra costs − initial costROI = net gain / initial cost × 100%multiple = net proceeds / initial costWorked example
Worked example using the form's default values.
Total ROI divides the result after additional costs by initial capital. Dated cash flows calculate XIRR Actual/365; multiple sign changes do not pretend to yield a unique rate.
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Total ROI divides the result after additional costs by initial capital. Dated cash flows calculate XIRR Actual/365; multiple sign changes do not pretend to yield a unique rate.